Craniomandibular disorders have been investigated from many points of view, structurally
and functionally. To evaluate the behaviour of the masticatory muscles, electromyography …

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction syndrome and myofascial pain dysfunction
(MPD) syndrome have been primarily viewed as dental problems and have only recently …

The fundamental textbook of orthopedic physical therapy is now in its thoroughly updated
Fourth Edition. This new edition presents a" how-to" approach focusing on the foundations of …

TMJ dysfunction-pain syndrome is multicausal, and each patient has an individual “TMJ
dysfunction profile.” Stress has been shown to be a correlated factor as well as occlusion …

Lateral transcranial TMJ radiographs are duplicable within±0.2 mm and are cross-sectional
views of the lateral third of the condyle and fossa. The innate asymmetry of humans, when …

Craniomandibular pain has five major causes: neurologic, vascular, the temporomandibular
joint itself, muscular, and hysterical conversion. When the pain source is purely in the …

TMJ dysfunction-pain has four main sources: intrajoint, muscle spasm, joint/muscle, and
referred. Electromyographic evidence has been cited to show that there is a direct cause …

Reviews the literature on temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome and myofascial
pain dysfunction syndrome, which have been viewed as dental problems and have only …

The computed tomograms of temporomandibular joints in 25 patients (41 joints) were
retrospectively evaluated for condylar position and joint space with General Electric …

The authors undertook a tomographic study to evaluate the positional relationship of the
bony components of the temporomandibular articulation. The sample group consisted of 35 …