Abstract Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed
rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 …

Highlights•A single fungal partner has long been thought to form the lichen
thallus.•Phylogenetic research has revealed discordance between fungal evolution and …

Species represent a fundamental unit in evolutionary biology and provide a valuable context
for organizing, evaluating, and communicating important biological concepts and principles …

Cladoniaceae is a family of lichenized fungi that belongs to the Lecanorales, Ascomycota.
The family is distributed widely, although several genera are restricted to the Southern …

The lichen‐forming fungal genus Cladonia is species‐rich with approximately 500 described
species. The accepted barcode for fungi (ITS rDNA) often fails in identifying Cladonia spp. In …

In the framework of a worldwide project on the phylogeny of the lichen genus Sticta,
dedicated sampling was performed in four regions of Western Europe, roughly along an east …

Ecological preferences, partner compatibility, or partner availability are known to be
important factors shaping obligate and intimate lichen symbioses. We considered a complex …

The microalgae of the genus Asterochloris are the preferential phycobionts in Cladonia,
Lepraria and Stereocaulon lichens. Recent studies have highlighted the hidden diversity of …

With rare exceptions, the shape and appearance of lichen thalli are determined by the
fungal partner; thus, mycobiont identity is normally used for lichen identification. However, it …

• Premise of the study: The members of the Cladonia humilis complex are characterized by a
well‐developed primary thallus and broadly scyphose podetia. In the present study, this …