Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the empirical literature on the effects of
informal competition on firm performance and provide directions for future research …

The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between a firm starting operation
informally and its future innovation and whether this relation is moderated by institutional …

This author investigates the effect of the liability of informality on a firm's de-
internationalisation using cross-country firm-level data. De-internationalisation reflects an …

What is the informal economy? Why is formalising the informal economy necessary? What is
an e-government approach? In answering these questions, this introductory chapter sets the …

Bu çalışma kayıt dışı istihdamın neden olduğu sosyal adaletsizlikleri incelemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Sosyal adaletsizlikleri çözümlemek için ilk etapta kayıt dışı istihdamı …