In bacteria and archaea, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
(CRISPR) and associated proteins (Cas) confer adaptive immunity against exogenous DNA …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of AIDS. Following entry
into the host cell, the viral RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA and subsequently integrated …

Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belong to
the Deltaretrovirus genus. HTLV-1 is the etiologic agent of the highly aggressive and …

The molecular networks involved in the regulation of HIV replication, transcription, and
latency remain incompletely defined. To expand our understanding of these networks, we …

Three gene therapy strategies have received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
approval; one includes HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors. These vectors incorporate features to …

Introduction Elucidation of mechanisms that drive HIV latency is essential to identifying cure
strategies. While host mechanisms associated with viral persistence on antiretroviral therapy …

Background With the increasing number of annotated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from
the genome, researchers are continually updating their understanding of lncRNAs. Recently …

Background HIV-1 gene expression is driven by the long terminal repeat (LTR), which
contains many binding sites shown to interact with an array of host and viral factors …

To replicate, HIV-1 capitalizes on endogenous cellular activation pathways resulting in
recruitment of key host transcription factors to its viral enhancer. RNA interference has been …

Numerous host and viral factors likely participate in the onset and progression of HIV-1-
associated dementia (HIVD). Previous studies have suggested that viral gene expression in …