In order to alleviate the pressure on the international energy supply, people began to turn
their attention to the abundant reserves of heavy oil resources. However, the high density …

The catalytic aquathermolysis of heavy oil is an effective technology for its recovery and has
achieved significant developments in recent years. Various related reaction mechanisms …

This study investigates the chemical structural evolution of coal during supercritical CO 2
transient fracturing using a self-developed experimental platform. Coal samples with …

The kinetics of non-catalytic oil shale conversion at sub-and supercritical water conditions
was studied. All experiments were carried out in a batch reactor at 300–400° C and 1–48 h …

The proposal of a reaction scheme during the kinetic modeling of heavy crude oil upgrading
is an important step. Therefore, the study of the effect of using different reaction pathways on …

Steam and naphtha co-injection processes have been considered as an Enhanced oil
recovery strategy to deal with current challenges in the development of heavy oil reservoirs …

and 7-lump kinetic models for oil shale catalytic upgrading at sub-and supercritical water
conditions (300–400° C of temperature, 1–48 h of reaction time, and 1: 1 water-to-oil mass …

Over the last few years, the use of catalysts and solvents to increase the production of active
hydrogen has enhanced the aquathermolysis of heavy crude oils. However, none kinetic …

During the kinetic modeling of reactions with complex feeds, the proposal of reaction
schemes is a crucial step, especially when the number of pathways considered is high …

The escalating share of hard-to-extract, highly viscous oil poses tangible challenges in the
realm of oil extraction. Employing thermal steam treatment (TST) technology presents a …