The incidence of preterm birth is increasing, leading to a growing population with potential
long-term pulmonary complications. Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) is one of the major …

Caffeine citrate is the drug of choice for the pharmacological treatment of apnea of
prematurity. Factors such as maturity and genetic variation contribute to the interindividual …

Autophagy is a degradative cellular pathway that targets cytoplasmic contents and
organelles for turnover by the lysosome. Various autophagy pathways play key roles in the …

Clinical pharmacology is a multidisciplinary data sciences field that utilizes mathematical
and statistical methods to generate maximal knowledge from data. Pharmacometrics (PMX) …

Missing data create challenges in clinical research because they lead to loss of statistical
power and potentially to biased results. Missing covariate data must be handled with …

Caffeine is the globally consumed psychoactive substance and the drug of choice for the
treatment of apnea of prematurity (AOP), but its therapeutic effects are highly variable among …

Background Many drugs are used off-label or unlicensed in neonates. This does not mean
they are used without evidence or knowledge. We aimed to apply and evaluate the Grading …

Caffeine is an effective treatment for apnea of prematurity and has several important
benefits, including decreasing respiratory morbidity and motor impairment. In this article, we …

Introduction Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) is among the most common diagnoses in the
neonatal intensive care unit. Caffeine treatment is a preferred treatment choice. However …

Cardiac surgery‐associated acute kidney injury (CS‐AKI) occurs in approximately 65% of
neonates undergoing cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass and contributes to …