The first dominant SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant BA. 1 harbours 35 mutations in its Spike
protein from the original SARS‐CoV‐2 variant that emerged late 2019. Soon after its …

A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses the roles of T
cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces …

The Omicron, or Pango lineage B. 1.1. 529, variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) carries multiple spike mutations with high transmissibility and …

A diverse array of successful, first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a huge
role in efforts to bring the COVID-19 pandemic under control, even though inequitable …

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants raise questions about escape from previous immunity. As
the population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has become more complex due to prior infections …

Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously
evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill …

Background Immunosuppressive treatments inhibit vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-
CoV-2. We evaluated whether a 2-week interruption of methotrexate treatment immediately …

Among the unknowns in decoding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 persistent symptoms in
Long Covid is whether there is a contributory role of abnormal immunity during acute …

Vaccine-associated enhanced disease (VAED) is a difficult phenomenon to define and can
be confused with vaccine failure. Using studies on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) …

Background COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody responses are reduced in patients with
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) taking anti-TNF or tofacitinib after two vaccine doses. We …