RUNX2 is a master transcription factor of osteoblast differentiation. RUNX2 expression in the
bone and osteogenic front of a suture is crucial for cranial suture closure and membranous …

Syndromic craniosynostosis encompasses an array of diagnoses and genetic mutations that
affect the cranial vault, with additional anomalies in embryologically distinct anatomic sites …

Purpose Three-dimensional (3D) analysis and planning are powerful tools in craniofacial
and reconstructive surgery. The elements include 1) analysis, 2) planning, 3) virtual surgery …

Genetic and environmental factors may lead to abnormal growth of the orofacial skeleton,
affecting the overall structure of the face. In this study, we investigated the craniofacial …

Background: Monobloc advancement is a complex procedure used to treat patients with
syndromic craniosynostosis. Studies directly addressing the long-term stability of monobloc …

Background: Infants with craniofacial dysostosis syndromes may present with midface
abnormalities but without major (calvarial) suture synostosis and head shape anomalies …

A major concern in FGFR2 craniofaciosynostosis is oculo-orbital disproportion, such that
orbital malformation provides poor accommodation and support for the orbital contents and …

Background: Orbital dysmorphology and midface retrusion are the hallmarks of Crouzon and
Apert syndromes. The precise nature of this deficiency is not known. Methods: Untreated …

Facial sutures contribute significantly to postnatal facial development, but their potential role
in craniofacial disease is understudied. Since interest in their development and physiology …

This meta-analysis aims to compare Apert syndrome (AS) patients with non-AS populations
(not clinically or genetically diagnosed) on craniofacial cephalometric characteristics (CCC) …