The emerging concept of bioeconomy offers several opportunities to address societal
challenges. The bioeconomy is mainly driven by advances in microbiology, which can be …

Summary Theobroma cacao—The Food of the Gods, provides the raw material for the
multibillion dollar chocolate industry and is also the main source of income for about 6 …

This book focuses on the changing gender patterns of work in a global retail environment
associated with the rise of contemporary retail and global sourcing. This has affected the …

To tackle the multiple challenges facing the cocoa sector, voluntary sustainability standards
and corporate initiatives, largely focusing on farm and farmer group scale, are often …

Many sources indicate that smallholder tree-crop commodity farmers are poor, but there is a
paucity of data on how many of them are poor and the depth of poverty. The living income …

Background Exposure to carcinogenic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) is responsible for numerous human health problems. Diet has been …

This study identifies the livelihood strategies pursued by small cacao farmers in the Guayas
coastal region in Ecuador, where two distinct cacao varieties are grown: the fine flavor …

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to investigate how chocolate lovers balance taste and
ethical considerations when selecting chocolate products. Design/methodology/approach …

Forests are being converted to agriculture throughout the Afrotropics, driving declines in
sensitive rainforest taxa such as understorey birds. The ongoing expansion of cocoa …

Palm oil is one of the most controversial agricultural commodities of our time. To its
supporters, it is the golden crop that catalyzes smallholders out of poverty and brings …