The IMD pathway signaling plays a pivotal role in the Drosophila defense against bacteria.
During the last two decades, significant progress has been made in identifying the …

Unicellular organisms respond to the presence of DNA lesions by activating cell cycle
checkpoint and repair mechanisms, while multicellular animals have acquired the further …

Insects possess an immune system that protects them from attacks by various pathogenic
microorganisms that would otherwise threaten their survival. Immune mechanisms may deal …

Apoptosis pathways activated by death receptors of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family
such as Fas, TNFR1, or the TRAIL receptors DR4 and DR5 are implicated in diverse …

DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification in the genomes of higher eukaryotes. In
vertebrates, DNA methylation occurs predominantly on the CpG dinucleotide, and …

The absence of Caspase-8 or its adapter, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), results in
activation of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3)-and mixed-lineage kinase-like …

Activation of caspase 1 is essential for the maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18 and
occurs in multiprotein complexes, referred to as inflammasomes. The apoptosis-associated …

FAS-associated protein with death domain (FADD) is the key adaptor protein transmitting
apoptotic signals mediated by the main death receptors (DRs). Besides being an essential …

Liver transplantation is the only curative option for patients with end-stage liver disease.
Despite improvements in surgical techniques, nonanastomotic strictures (characterized by …

The etiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been shown to be
associated with genetic and certain environmental factors that produce DNA damage. Base …