Two decades of high-resolution satellite observations and climate modeling studies have
indicated strong ocean–atmosphere coupled feedback mediated by ocean mesoscale …

We revisit the challenges and prospects for ocean circulation models following Griffies et al..
Over the past decade, ocean circulation models evolved through improved understanding …

The ocean engine of NEMO is a primitive equation model adapted to regional and global
ocean circulation problems. It is intended to be a flexible tool for studying the ocean and its …

Coupled climate simulations that span several hundred years cannot be run at a high‐
enough spatial resolution to resolve mesoscale ocean dynamics. Recently, several studies …

A stochastic parameterization of ocean mesoscale eddies is constructed in order to account
for the fluctuations in subgrid transport and to represent upscale turbulent cascades. Eddy …

As the importance of the ocean in the weather and climate system is increasingly
recognised, operational systems are now moving towards coupled prediction not only for …

A stochastic flow representation is considered with the Eulerian velocity decomposed
between a smooth large scale component and a rough small-scale turbulent component …

In this work, a stochastic representation based on a physical transport principle is proposed
to account for mesoscale eddy effects on the large‐scale oceanic circulation. This stochastic …

The role of mesoscale eddies is crucial for the ocean circulation and its energy budget. The
sub-grid scale eddy variability needs to be parametrized in ocean models, even at so-called …

The GODAE OceanView systems use various data assimilation algorithms, including 3DVar,
EnOI, EnKF and the SEEK filter with a fixed basis, using different time windows. The main …