The spread of currency convertibility is one of the most dramatic trends of the late twentieth
century. It reflects the desire of policymakers to integrate their economies into the global …

This paper describes recent developments on Portuguese retrospective national accounts,
and presents new (very provisional) figures of Portuguese gross domestic product for the …

No que respeita à relação entre finanças públicas e estabilidade monetária, a experiência
portuguesa desde 1854 pode ser resumida dizendo que a disciplina orçamental foi sempre …

A economia portuguesa apresenta hoje um dos níveis de rendimento per capita mais baixos
do conjunto das economias da Europa ocidental. As informações de que dispomos …

This study analyses the Portuguese PPP case against the United Kingdom and the United
States of America over a span of 102 years. Real exchange rates were tested through unit …

War-and its implications for the expenditure side of the government budget-has always been
associated with taxes. During most of the Portuguese monarchy, taxes included gold and …

The overview of Portuguese currency experience contained in this paper links the
real"(plural réis), the national currency under the gold standard from 1854 until 1891, to the …

War–and its implications for the expenditure side of the government budget–has always
been associated with taxes. During most of the Portuguese monarchy, taxes included gold …

Table 8.1 presents a summary of the behavior of the main variables related to economic
performance, monetary evolution, foreign accounts and public finance in Portugal between …