In a striking display of trans-kingdom symbiosis, gut bacteria cooperate with their animal
hosts to regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic and nervous …

The state of the intestinal environment can have profound effects on the activity of the central
nervous system through the physiological contributions of the microbiota, regulation of …

Importance Despite established genetic and pathophysiologic links between inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson disease (PD), clinical data supporting this association …

Objective: To examine whether vagotomy decreases the risk of Parkinson disease (PD).
Methods: Using data from nationwide Swedish registers, we conducted a matched-cohort …

The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves the accumulation of aggregated α-
synuclein, which has been suggested to begin in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we …

The gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the host.
Microbiota communicate with different organs of the organism by synthesizing hormones …

In Parkinson's disease (PD), gastrointestinal features are common and often precede the
motor signs. Braak and colleagues proposed that PD may start in the gut, triggered by a …

The endotoxin hypothesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the idea that lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) endotoxins contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder. LPS endotoxins are found …

Spread of α‐synuclein pathology from the peripheral to central nervous system may be an
important etiological factor in Parkinson's disease, although there are some unanswered …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder
worldwide. Clinically, it is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic …