Oxidative stress, a cytopathic outcome of excessive generation of ROS and the repression of
antioxidant defense system for ROS elimination, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple …

Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and
mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is not only a worldwide problem with a cruel hospital mortality rate
but also an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease and a promoting factor for its …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with rising incidence and
prevalence. Among several pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for disease progression …

Objective Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common chronic kidney disease (CKD)
and has the highest prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) globally, owing mostly …

Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis was a crucial pathological feature of diabetic nephropathy
(DN), and renal tubular injury might associate with abnormal mitophagy. In this study, we …

Despite recent advances in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), morbidity
and mortality rates in these patients remain high. While pressure-mediated injury is a well …

Fluoride is an important trace element in the living body. A suitable amount of fluoride has a
beneficial effect on the body, but disproportionate fluoride entering the body will affect …

Iron is an essential micronutrient for a myriad of physiological processes in the body beyond
erythropoiesis. Iron deficiency (ID) is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure …

Mitochondrial function is vital for normal cellular processes. Mitochondrial damage and
oxidative stress have been greatly implicated in the progression of aging, along with the …