Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's
disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, memory loss, and thinking …

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is an important neurotrophic hormone. Deficiency of this
hormone has been reported to influence the genesis of cognitive impairment and dementia …

Background Multiple pathophysiological processes have been described in Alzheimer's
disease (AD). Their inter-individual variations, complex interrelations, and relevance for …

Background The necessity of including both males and females in molecular neuroscience
research is now well understood. However, there is relatively limited basic biological data on …

Background Evidence has suggested that exercise protects against cognitive decline in
aging, but the recent lockdown measures associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have …

This study underlines the importance of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a muscle-
building supplement in human, in increasing mouse hippocampal plasticity. Detailed …

The postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 is a major element of synapses. PSD-95 is
involved in aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and numerous psychiatric disorders. However …

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by profound
memory impairments, synaptic loss, neuroinflammation, and hallmark pathological markers …

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an important anabolic hormone that decreases with
age. In the past two decades, extensive research has determined that the reduction in IGF-1 …

14-3-3 proteins are a family of proteins expressed throughout the body and implicated in
many diseases, from cancer to neurodegenerative disorders. While these proteins do not …