Nanoemulsion, or nanoscaled-size emulsions, is a thermodynamically stable system formed
by blending two immiscible liquids, blended with an emulsifying agent to produce a single …

This comprehensive review provides the current trends and recent developments of
porphyrin-based photosensitizers. We discuss their evolution from first-generation to third …

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have achieved clinical success in delivering small interfering
RNAs (siRNAs) for targeted gene therapy. However, endosomal escape of siRNA into the …

Malignant tumor is still a leading threat to human health. Despite the rapid development of
targeted therapeutic strategies, any treatment specifically acting on single target would …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging noninvasive therapy modality for treating
cancer diseases. However, conventional PDT suffers from poor stability of organic …

Background The discovery of a potent photosensitizer with desirable immunogenic cell
death (ICD) ability can prominently enhance antitumor immunity in photodynamic therapy …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which a light source is used in combination with a
photosensitizer to induce local cell death, has shown great promise in therapeutically …

Novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) have become the mainstay of research in targeted
cancer therapy. By combining different therapeutic strategies, potential DDSs and …

During cancer treatment, chemotherapeutic drugs always result in severe side-effects and
drug resistance. Therefore, combining cheomtherapy with other therapeutic modalities, such …

Nanomedicines can integrate multiple functionalities to improve the efficacy of disease
treatment with reduced off-target toxicity. However, challenges such as tedious synthesis …