The economic impact of fouling in spiral wound membranes is not yet well explored. There
has been an established assumption that the cost of fouling in membrane processes is …

The most effective strategies to control biofouling release toxic and persistent agents into the
aquatic environment causing environmental concerns and leading to the implementation of …

Novel water‐soluble zinc (II) phthalocyanines (ZnPc) peripherally substituted with 4‐
dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) units (ZnPc 1–2) and the corresponding quaternized …

The class I hydrophobin EAS is part of a family of small, amphiphilic fungal proteins best
known for their ability to self-assemble into stable monolayers that modify the hydrophobicity …

Featured Application The proposed method may be adopted for in-situ visualisation of low
virulence gram-negative bacterial strains using contrast-enhanced X-ray μCT. The use of …

Biofouling triggers a chain of events that are deleterious to engineered systems providing
safe water to the population and industry. The frequent use of dissolved biocides to combat …

Biofouling or biological fouling is the accumulation of microbes, plants, algae, or animals on
wetted surfaces. Such accumulation is referred to as epibiosis when the host surface is …

Biofilm is a collection of usually more than species of microorganisms that are enclosed by a
layer called an exopolysaccharide membrane. The whole biofilm act as a multicellular …

Water quality has a direct link to human-health protection. Safeguarding the quality of
drinking water is absolutely essential, especially in particularly critical situations, such as …

Fouling has been a major complication that has caused many hazardous effects on the
environment and also to mankind. Earlier, prevention of fouling was done using antifoulant …