Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids are membrane lipids which were long
thought to be synthesized mainly by archaea, organisms thought to be limited to extreme …

There is large uncertainty about the magnitude of warming and how rainfall patterns will
change in response to any given scenario of future changes in atmospheric composition and …

Molecular organic geochemical proxies are increasingly being utilized to reconstruct past
environmental conditions as new tools continue to be discovered and developed. To date …

TEX 86 is an important proxy for constraining ocean temperatures in the Earth's past.
Current calibrations, however, feature structured residuals indicative of a spatially-varying …

Quantitative estimates of past temperature changes are a cornerstone of paleoclimatology.
For a number of marine sediment-based proxies, the accuracy and precision of past …

Paleotemperature proxy data form the cornerstone of paleoclimate research and are integral
to understanding the evolution of the Earth system across the Phanerozoic Eon. Here, we …

Abstract The early Eocene (49–55 million years ago) is a time interval characterized by
elevated surface temperatures and atmospheric CO2 (refs,), and a flatter-than-present …

TEX 86 (TetraEther indeX of tetraethers consisting of 86 carbon atoms) is a sea surface
temperature (SST) proxy based on the distribution of archaeal isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl …

Abstract The Late Cretaceous was a greenhouse world, characterized by elevated
temperatures and high atmospheric pCO2. Even in the context of an extreme greenhouse …

The ratio of boron to calcium (B/Ca) in the calcite tests of planktic foraminifers may serve as
a proxy for past seawater chemistry, but controls on B incorporation are not yet certain. Here …