A systematic review of motivational and attentional variables on children's fundamental movement skill development: the OPTIMAL theory
An external focus of attention, enhanced expectancies and autonomy support are key
independent and interactive characteristics which enhance motor learning. These OPTIMAL …
independent and interactive characteristics which enhance motor learning. These OPTIMAL …
Utilising an internal focus of attention during preparation and an external focus during execution may facilitate motor learning
Research with athletes and coaches has found that attentional focus strategies are more
complex than using an internal or external focus exclusively. Recently Becker et al.[2020 …
complex than using an internal or external focus exclusively. Recently Becker et al.[2020 …
Both a holistic and external focus of attention enhance the learning of a badminton short serve
Attentional focus research consistently demonstrates a benefit of an external focus relative to
an internal focus. However, this dichotomous comparison may oversimplify the variety of …
an internal focus. However, this dichotomous comparison may oversimplify the variety of …
A test of optimal theory on young adolescents' standing long jump performance and motivation
The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning contends that an external focus of attention (EF),
enhanced expectancies (EE), and autonomy support (AS) are key attentional and …
enhanced expectancies (EE), and autonomy support (AS) are key attentional and …
A Holistic Focus of Attention Increases Torque Production and Electromyography Activity in an Isokinetic Elbow Flexion
KA Becker, MA Avalos - Journal of Motor Learning and …, 2024 - journals.humankinetics.com
Recent research suggests that both a holistic focus of attention (ie, focusing on the general
feeling of a movement) and an external focus of attention improve motor performance …
feeling of a movement) and an external focus of attention improve motor performance …
Examining the effectiveness of focus of attention instructions on the learning of a badminton long serve in novice students: movement automaticity hypothesis
N Vafaeimanesh, R Abedanzadeh… - International Journal of …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
The superiority of an external focus of attention in motor performance and learning has been
confirmed in many studies. However, less research has been done on how well the focus of …
confirmed in many studies. However, less research has been done on how well the focus of …
The effect of an internal, external and holistic focus on the learning of a soccer shooting task in male children
R Abedanzadeh, SM Mousavi… - International Journal of …, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
The benefits of an external focus in motor learning have been well-established in adults, but
findings in studies with children have been far more variable. Recent research also suggests …
findings in studies with children have been far more variable. Recent research also suggests …
The absence of vision impacts attentional focus effects during a balancing task
KA Becker, SWT McNamara - Research quarterly for exercise and …, 2023 - Taylor & Francis
Purpose: Recent work involving reaching and aiming tasks provides evidence that an
internal focus results in less error than an external focus when visual information is removed …
internal focus results in less error than an external focus when visual information is removed …
The Distance Effect and Dual Task on Attentional Focus Cues During a Bimanual Task
Motor performance has been shown to be superior when focusing on a physically farther
environmental cue (external focus-far, EF-far) instead of a cue proximal to the body (EF …
environmental cue (external focus-far, EF-far) instead of a cue proximal to the body (EF …
The Distance Effect in Focus of Attention: Spatial or Temporal Distance?
Y Ryuh, C Geschwender, J Kim… - Research Quarterly for …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
Purpose: The benefit of an external focus over an internal focus has been well-established.
Within this literature, several studies have documented a distal effect of attentional focus by …
Within this literature, several studies have documented a distal effect of attentional focus by …