The development of artificial intelligence has posed a challenge to machine vision based on
conventional complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits owing to its high …

Computational modeling of the primate visual system yields insights of potential relevance to
some of the challenges that computer vision is facing, such as object recognition and …

There is no generally accepted account of the function of the second visual cortical area
(V2), partly because no simple response properties robustly distinguish V2 neurons from …

Reactions of neural, psychological, and social systems are rarely, if ever, independent of
previous inputs and states. The potential for serial order carryover effects from one condition …

A long history of studies of perception has shown that the visual system organizes the
incoming information early on, interpreting the 2D image in terms of a 3D world and …

Most neurons in visual cortex respond to contrast borders and are orientation selective, and
some are also selective for which side of a border is figure and which side is ground (“border …

Grouping local elements into a holistic percept, also known as spatial binding, is crucial for
meaningful perception. Previous studies have shown that neurons in early visual areas V1 …

Figure–ground modulation, ie, the enhancement of neuronal responses evoked by the figure
relative to the background, has three complementary components: edge modulation …

Crowding is the identification difficulty for a target in the presence of nearby flankers. Based
on psychophysical findings, many theories have been proposed to explain crowding at …

The stimulus selectivity of neurons in V1 is well known, as is the finding that their responses
can be affected by visual input to areas outside of the classical receptive field. Less well …