Immune cell differentiation and function are crucially dependent on specific metabolic
programs dictated by mitochondria, including the generation of ATP from the oxidation of …

The genetic and cellular alterations that define cancer provide the immune system with the
means to generate T cell responses that recognize and eradicate cancer cells. However …

Improvements in the quality and fitness of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T
cells, through CAR design or manufacturing optimizations, could enhance the therapeutic …

The p110δ subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI (3) K) is selectively expressed in
leukocytes and is critical for lymphocyte biology. Here we report fourteen patients from …

Transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) is a major immunosuppressive cytokine that maintains
immune homeostasis and prevents autoimmunity through its antiproliferative and anti …

Nutrition and the gut microbiome regulate many systems, including the immune, metabolic,
and nervous systems. We propose that the host responds to deficiency (or sufficiency) of …

Aging is associated with a dysregulation of the immune response, loosely termed
“immunosenescence.” Each part of the immune system is influenced to some extent by the …

The study of T cell biology has been accelerated by substantial progress at the technological
level, particularly through the continuing advancement of flow cytometry. The conventional …

Immune activated T lymphocytes modulate the activity of key metabolic pathways to support
the transcriptional reprograming and reshaping of cell proteomes that permits effector T cell …

Natural killer (NK) cells were so named for their uniqueness in killing certain tumor and virus-
infected cells without prior sensitization. Their functions are modulated in vivo by several …