This review outlines our present experimental knowledge and theoretical understanding of
deep-inelastic scattering on nuclear targets. The emphasis is primarily on nuclear …

This article reviews the present understanding of the QCD spin structure of the proton. The
author first outlines the proton spin puzzle and its possible resolution in QCD. Then the …

We present the first open-source analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of charged
pions using xFitter, an open-source QCD fit framework to facilitate PDF extraction and …

An electron ion collider has been proposed in China (EicC). It is anticipated that the facility
would provide polarised electrons, protons and ion beams, in collisions with large centre-of …

We calculate the lower moments of the deep-inelastic structure functions of the π and the ρ
meson on the lattice. Of particular interest to us are the spin-dependent structure functions of …

Since its initial investigation at SLAC in the late 60's, deep-inelastic lepton scattering has
provided a wonderful tool to explore perturbative QCD and to test many features of the …

The production of leading neutrons, where the neutron carries a large fraction x L of the
incoming proton's longitudinal momentum, is studied in deep-inelastic positron-proton …

We present a complete set of formulas for longitudinal momentum distribution functions
(splitting functions) of mesons in the nucleon. It can be applied in the framework of the …

The hadronic final state in electron-proton collisions at HERA has provided a rich testing
ground for development of the theory of the strong force, QCD. In this review, over 200 …

The impulse-approximation expression used hitherto to define the pion's valence-quark
distribution function is flawed because it omits contributions from the gluons which bind …