Epidemiological sex differences in anxiety disorders and major depression are well
characterized. Yet the circuits and mechanisms that contribute to these differences are …

Major depressive disorder is a common, complex, and potentially life-threatening mental
disorder that imposes a severe social and economic burden worldwide. Over the years …

This article reviews evidence for sex differences in vulnerability to addiction with an
emphasis on the neural mechanisms underlying these differences. Sex differences in the …

Depression is one of the most disabling medical conditions in the world today, yet its
etiologies remain unclear and current treatments are not wholly effective. Animal models are …

Epidemiological data demonstrate that while women report lower rates of drug use than
men, the number of current drug users and abusers who are women continues to increase …

Mood and anxiety disorders are prevalent conditions affecting one out of four people during
lifetime. The development of high validity animal models to study these disorders has been a …

Tobacco use is a major economic and health problem. It is particularly concerning that
women consume more tobacco products, have a more difficult time quitting smoking, and …

Mood disorders are devastating, often chronic illnesses characterized by low mood, poor
affect, and anhedonia. Notably, mood disorders are approximately twice as prevalent in …

Sex differences have complicated our understanding of the neurobiological basis of many
behaviors that are key for survival. As such, continued elucidation of the similarities and …

Human psychological stress is the major environmental risk factor for major depression and
certain of the anxiety disorders. Psychological stressors often occur in the context of the …