Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) describes a heterogeneous group of genetic
neurodegenerative diseases characterised by progressive spasticity of the lower limbs. The …

With 100 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses, the human brain is not just the most
complex organ in the human body, but has also been described as “the most complex thing …

Contacts between endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) promote endosomal
tubule fission, but the mechanisms involved and consequences of tubule fission failure are …

Movement Disorders in Childhood, Second Edition, provides the most up-to-date information
on the diseases and disorders that affect motor control, an important area of specialization …

Deficiency of the adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) leads to childhood-onset hereditary
spastic paraplegia (AP-4-HSP): SPG47 (AP4B1), SPG50 (AP4M1), SPG51 (AP4E1) and …

A bstract Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric illness defined by recurrent episodes of
mania/hypomania, depression and circadian rhythm abnormalities. Lithium is an effective …

The term hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) embraces a clinically and genetically
heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive …

Background Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) is a heterogeneous group of rare
neurodegenerative disorders affecting the corticospinal tracts. To date, more than 78 HSP …

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases sharing
spasticity in lower limbs as common symptom. There is a large clinical variability in the …

Hereditary spastic paraparesis is a group of inherited neurological diseases characterized
by underlying wide genetic heterogeneity. It should be suspected if there is a positive …