Evidence that the delta opioid receptor (DOR) is an attractive target for the treatment of brain
disorders has strengthened in recent years. This receptor is broadly expressed in the brain …

This paper is the 29th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning 30 years of research. It summarizes papers …

Heat defense is crucial for survival and fitness. Transmission of thermosensory signals into
hypothalamic thermoregulation centers represents a key layer of regulation in heat defense …

In some organisms and cells, oxygen availability influences oxygen consumption. In this
review, we examine this phenomenon of hypoxic hypometabolism (HH), discussing its …

The Kölliker-Fuse region (KF) and the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) have been
implicated in the maintenance of cardiorespiratory control. Here, we evaluated the …

Mammals maintain a nearly constant core body temperature (T b) by balancing heat
production and heat dissipation. This comes at a high metabolic cost that is sustainable if …

Chronic pain is a prevalent and persistent ailment that affects individuals worldwide.
Conventional medications employed in the treatment of chronic pain typically demonstrate …

We examined ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia (VAH) in CD1 mice, and contrasted
results obtained using the barometric method on unrestrained mice with …

Hypoxia causes a regulated decrease in body temperature (Tb), a response that has been
aptly called anapyrexia, but the mechanisms involved are not completely understood. The …

Hypoxia-induced anapyrexia is thought to be a regulated decrease in body core
temperature (T core), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent evidence …