An increasing number of therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) are emerging from the
laboratory and seeking translation into human clinical trials. Many of these are administered …

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine mainly induced in hypoxia conditions. Its major production
site is the kidney. EPO primarily acts on the erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow …

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD),
Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and amyotrophic …

Acute traumatic and ischemic events in the central nervous system (CNS) invariably result in
activation of microglial cells as local representatives of the immune system. It is still under …

The balance of inflammation is critical to the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), which is one of
the most devastating traumas in human beings. Inflammatory cytokines, the direct mediators …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires
costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested …

Introduction Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) often leads to significant functional loss in patients
and poses a challenge to physicians since treatment options for improving functional …

The past three decades have seen an explosion of research interest in spinal cord injury
(SCI) and the development of hundreds of potential therapies that have demonstrated some …

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hypoxia-induced hormone produced in adult kidneys with
erythropoietic and non-erythropoietic effects. In vivo studies represent an important role to …

Despite numerous studies reporting some measures of efficacy in the animal literature, there
are currently no effective therapies for the treatment of traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCI) in …