Ultrasonic neuromodulation is a rapidly growing field, in which low-intensity ultrasound (US)
is delivered to nervous system tissue, resulting in transient modulation of neural activity. This …

In the mammalian nervous system, billions of neurons connected by quadrillions of
synapses exchange electrical, chemical and mechanical signals. Disruptions to this network …

Three-dimensional (3D), submillimeter-scale constructs of neural cells, known as cortical
spheroids, are of rapidly growing importance in biological research because these systems …

Techniques for neuromodulation serve as effective routes to care of patients with many types
of challenging conditions. Continued progress in this field of medicine will require (1) …

The modulation of brain function via the application of weak direct current was first observed
directly in the early 19th century. In the past 3 decades, transcranial magnetic stimulation …

One innovation currently influencing physical medicine and rehabilitation is brain–computer
interface (BCI) technology. BCI systems used for motor control record neural activity …

Abstract Systems and methods are described for monitoring an individual and facilitating a
motion regimen of the individual. In an aspect, a system includes, but is not limited to, a …

All electric and magnetic stimulation of the brain deposits thermal energy in the brain. This
occurs through either Joule heating of the conductors carrying current through electrodes …

The paper presents the design and validation of body-conformal active ultrasound patches
with integrated imaging and modulation modalities for image-guided neural therapy. A …

Electrical stimulation (ES) to manipulate the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system
(PNS) has been explored for decades, recently gaining momentum as bioelectronic …