Background: During the past years biologic agents (also termed biologicals or biologics)
have become a crucial treatment option in immunological diseases. Numerous articles have …

Glomerular disease, be it primary or secondary, occurring in the setting of systemic
autoimmune diseases, infections, drugs, or malignancy, affects individuals of all ages. In …

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is the most common chronic glomerular disease in children.
At least 20% of children with this syndrome show frequent relapses and/or steroid …

Background Rituximab could be an effective treatment for childhood-onset, complicated,
frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and steroid-dependent nephrotic …

The pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome is unclear. However, the efficacy of rituximab, a B
cell–depleting antibody, in nephrotic syndrome suggests a pathogenic role of B cells. In this …

Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) carries a high risk of toxicity from steroids or
steroid-sparing agents. This open-label, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial at four …

The outcome of steroid-dependent or frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome of minimal
change disease (MCD), mesangial proliferative GN (MesGN), or FSGS may be poor and …

Importance Calcineurin inhibitors are an established first-line corticosteroid-sparing therapy
for patients with corticosteroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (CDNS), whereas B …

Background The chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is effective in steroid-
dependent and calcineurin inhibitor–dependent forms of nephrotic syndrome, but many …

Rituximab is an effective treatment for steroid-dependent/frequently-relapsing nephrotic
syndrome (SDFRNS) in children. However, the optimal rituximab regimen remains unknown …