The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays
important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as …

Macular edema consists of intra-or subretinal fluid accumulation in the macular region. It
occurs during the course of numerous retinal disorders and can cause severe impairment of …

Endothelial tight junctions (TJs) regulate the transport of water, ions, and molecules through
the paracellular pathway, serving as an important barrier in blood vessels and maintaining …

Abstract The BMP/TGFβ-Smad, Notch and VEGF signaling guides formation of endothelial
tip and stalk cells. However, the crosstalk of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and …

Plaque microvascularization and increased endothelial permeability are key players in the
development of atherosclerosis, from the initial stages of plaque formation to the occurrence …

Abstract Endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a cellular differentiation process in
which endothelial cells (ECs) lose their properties and differentiate into mesenchymal cells …

The establishment of in vitro models of the BBB is significant for the evaluation of the
mechanism and permeability of drugs and their sustained-release formulations across the …

The communication between glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) and the surrounding
microenvironment is a prominent feature accounting for the aggressive biology of …

Claudins are a multigene transmembrane protein family comprising at least 27 members. In
gastrointestinal tract, claudins are mainly located in the intestinal epithelia; many types of …

Aims To investigate the roles of Claudin‐5 (CLDN 5) in regulating the permeability of the
blood‐brain barrier (BBB) during lung cancer brain metastasis. Results By silencing and …