The widespread adoption of microfluidic devices among the neuroscience and neurobiology
communities has enabled addressing a broad range of questions at the molecular, cellular …

In vitro biological neural networks (BNNs) interconnected with robots, so-called BNN-based
neurorobotic systems, can interact with the external world, so that they can present some …

The synchronous activity of neuronal networks is considered crucial for brain function.
However, the interaction between single-neuron activity and network-wide activity remains …

The visual cortex is hierarchically organized, yet the presence of extensive recurrent and
parallel pathways make it challenging to decipher how signals flow between neuronal …

Oscillations of extracellular voltage, reflecting synchronous, rhythmic activity in large
populations of neurons, are a ubiquitous feature in the mammalian brain, and are thought to …

Temperature is an important environmental factor that all creatures depend on. Suitable
temperature is essential for maintaining the normal physiological functions of nervous …

Perceptual dissimilarities, requiring high-cost user ratings, have contributed to designing
well-distinguishable vibrations for associated meaning delivery. Appropriate metrics can …

Embodying in vitro biological neural networks (BNNs) with robots to explore the rise of
intelligence in these simpler models and to endow robots with biological intelligence has …

Methods for patterning neurons in vitro have gradually improved and are used to investigate
questions that are difficult to address in or ex vivo. Though these techniques guide axons …

The firing sequence of the neuron system that transmits information consumes a significant
amount of energy, but it is unclear how the firing pattern of the neuron system determines its …