Notch signaling dictates cell fate and critically influences cell proliferation, differentiation,
and apoptosis in metazoans. Multiple factors at each step—ligands, receptors, signal …

Embryogenesis involves orchestrated processes of cell proliferation and differentiation. The
mammalian Hes basic helix-loop-helix repressor genes play central roles in these …

Hes and Hey genes are the mammalian counterparts of the Hairy and Enhancer-of-split type
of genes in Drosophila and they represent the primary targets of the Delta–Notch signaling …

Neural stem cells change their characteristics over time during development: they initially
proliferate only and then give rise to neurons first and glial cells later. In the absence of the …

Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domains are present in approximately one-third of all
human zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) and are potent transcriptional repression modules. We …

The Drosophila Groucho (Gro) protein is the prototype for a large family of corepressors,
examples of which are found in most metazoans. This family includes the human transducin …

The intensity of research on pancreatic development has increased markedly in the past 5
years, primarily for two reasons: we now know that the insulin‐producing β‐cells normally …

The basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a superfamily of DNA-binding transcription
factors that regulate numerous biological processes in both invertebrates and vertebrates …

Mouse Cdx and Hox genes presumably evolved from genes on a common ancestor cluster
involved in anteroposterior patterning. Drosophila caudal (cad) is involved in specifying the …

Hairy-related proteins include the Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split proteins and
mammalian Hes proteins. These proteins are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcriptional …