Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous, highly conserved, eukaryotic protein that binds to and
regulates a number of diverse target proteins involved in different functions such as …

The second messenger cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) regulates a wide
range of physiological processes in almost all organisms. cAMP synthesis is catalyzed by …

The second messenger cAMP has been extensively studied for half a century, but the
plethora of regulatory mechanisms controlling cAMP synthesis in mammalian cells is just …

Calmodulin (CaM) is a universal regulator for a huge number of proteins in all eukaryotic
cells. Best known is its function as a calcium-dependent modulator of the activity of enzymes …

Protein toxins confer a defense against predation/grazing or a superior pathogenic
competence upon the producing organism. Such toxins have been perfected through …

Bacterial products can act on neurons to alter signaling and function. In the present study,
we found that dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons are enriched for ANTXR2, the …

To ensure their survival, a number of bacterial and plant species have evolved a common
strategy to capture energy from other biological systems. Being imperfect pathogens …

CyaA is crucial for colonization by Bordetella pertussis, the etiologic agent of whooping
cough. Here we report crystal structures of the adenylyl cyclase domain (ACD) of CyaA with …

Infectious microbes face an unwelcoming environment in their mammalian hosts, which
have evolved elaborate multicelluar systems for recognition and elimination of invading …

The function of the human voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 5 is regulated in part by
intracellular calcium signals. The ubiquitous calcium sensor protein calmodulin (CaM) is an …