The tumor microenvironment consists of a multiplicity of cells such as cancer cells,
fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells within the specific parenchyma. It has been …

Historically, the primary focus of cancer research has been molecular and clinical studies of
a few essential pathways and genes. Recent years have seen the rapid accumulation of …

Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major issue of the current era in
cancer immunotherapy. Immune evasion is a multi-factorial event, which occurs generally at …

Cancer and metabolic disorders have emerged as major global health challenges, reaching
epidemic levels in recent decades. Often viewed as separate issues, metabolic disorders …

Background The precise characterization of individual tumors and immune
microenvironments using transcriptome sequencing has provided a great opportunity for …

The immune cells play an increasingly vital role in influencing the proliferation, progression,
and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. However, the potential of immune …

The immune system comprises diverse specialized cell types that cooperate to defend the
host against a wide range of pathogenic threats. Recent advancements in single-cell and …

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but aggressive skin cancer, remains a challenge in the
era of precision medicine. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the only approved therapy for …

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery by nanocarriers has been identified as a promising
strategy in the study and treatment of cancer. Short nucleotide sequences are synthesized …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a
poor prognosis. Despite conventional treatments, including surgery, radiation, and …