The stress response, which involves joint activity of the nervous and endocrine systems, is
one of the basic adaptive mechanisms that ensures the survival of the individual. The …

Salivary cortisol is widely used as an indicator of stress and welfare in canine research.
However, much remains unclear about the basic features of this hormone marker in …

Hundreds of thousands of dogs are housed in kennels worldwide, yet there are no standard
protocols for assessing the welfare of dogs in these environments. Animal science is …

Quantitating glucocorticoids (GCs) in hairs is a popular method for assessing chronic stress
in studies of humans and animals alike. The cause-and-effect relationship between stress …

Shelter dogs are exposed to a variety of stressors. Among non-invasive techniques, hair
cortisol concentration (HCC) is suggested an easy to collect biomarker for giving insight into …

Wildlife living in proximity to people are exposed to both natural and anthropogenic factors
that may influence cortisol production associated with stress response. While some species …

Public interest in the welfare of domestic dogs has increased in recent years. Dogs under
human care should experience as little stress as possible, and as such it is necessary to …

Background Chronic stress is implicated in behavioral and health issues in cats, but
methods for recognition, evaluation, and measurement of stress are lacking. Cortisol …

Hair analysis is emerging as a popular tool to examine stress and reproduction hormone
levels in wild mammals. The reliability of this approach, however, depends on an …

Hair may be a useful matrix to detect cumulative cortisol concentrations in studies of animal
welfare and chronic stress. The aim of this study was to validate a protocol for cortisol …