A host of learning, memory, and decision-making processes form the individual's response
to threat and may be disrupted in anxiety and post-trauma psychopathology. Here we review …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in adaptive control of behavior and optimizing action
selection. When an organism is experiencing an aversive event, such as a sustained state of …

Stress can cause overconsumption of palatable high caloric food. Despite the important role
of stress eating in obesity and (binge) eating disorders, its underlying neural mechanisms …

Diffuse and structured extracellular matrix (ECM) comprise∼ 20% of the brain's volume and
play important roles in development and adult plasticity. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) …

How does the brain guide our actions? This is a complex issue, where the medial prefrontal
cortex (mPFC) plays a crucial role. The mPFC is essential for cognitive flexibility and …

The impact of stress on the formation and expression of memory is well studied, especially
on the contributions of stress hormones. But how stress affects brain circuitry dynamically to …

The prefrontal cortex is highly susceptible to the detrimental effects of stress and has been
implicated in the pathogenesis of stress-related psychiatric disorders. It is not well …

Stress exposure can result in several proinflammatory alterations in the brain, including
overexpression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the medial …

Background: Acute stress is thought to reduce goal-directed behaviour, an effect purportedly
associated with stress-induced release of catecholamines. In contrast, experimentally …

Previously, we developed a novel model for anxiety during motivated behavior by training
rats to perform a task where actions executed to obtain a reward were probabilistically …