Recent years have witnessed the birth of a new paradigm for learning environments:
animated pedagogical agents. These lifelike autonomous characters cohabit learning …

The development of intelligent tutoring systems has long been the focus of applying artificial
intelligence and cognitive science in education. A new breed of intelligent learning …

A well-established effect of animated agents in educational and other contexts is their
potential to motivate and engage.“Increased motivation in users” is also one of the more …

This paper discusses the use of natural language or 'conversational'agents in e-learning
environments. We describe and contrast the various applications of conversational agent …

One recent approach in developing computer-based learning environments advocates the
idea of creating a social context inside the computer. It is claimed that when the learner is …

In organic chemistry, meaningful learning is essential when reflecting about multiple
reaction pathways and selecting reaction centers—topics that require a complex and …

This pilot study reports how to portray open learner models as animal companions in order
to motivate children to learn in the digital classroom environment. To meet two challenges of …

Conflicts between agents acting in a multi-agent environment arise for different reasons,
involve different concepts, and are dealt with in different ways, depending on the kind of …

This study explores what students understand about enzyme–substrate interactions, using
multiple representations of the phenomenon. In this paper we describe our use of the 3 …

Although game-based learning brings new opportunities for effective learning, some
challenges still exist, such as how to help students regulate their efforts and strategies for a …