Protection against pathogens is a prerequisite for survival of most organisms. To cope with
this continuous challenge, complex defense mechanisms have evolved. The construction …

The biological properties of GM-CSb; IL-3 and IL-5 are multiple; initially described as
haemopoietic growth factors, they also regulate inflammation, allergic reactions and cell …

The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are the major regulators in the body of the production
and activity of two types of white blood cells--granulocytes and macrophages. CSFs are …

Cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of lymphomas. Cytokines either can be
produced or exert effects on neoplastic or reactive cells. The secretion of cytokines can …

Low-grade follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are characterized by the presence of at (14;
18) chromosomal translocation that results in deregulation of the B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) …

The human interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3R) is a heterodimeric complex consisting of an IL-3-
specific α chain (IL-3Rα) and a common β chain (βc), this latter shared with the receptors for …

We have previously reported that the predicted first helix of human interleukin (IL)-3 contains
a hydrophilic region encompassing residues Asp21, Glu22, and Thr25 that is crucial for …

Proliferation is necessary for many of the phenotypic changes that occur during B-cell
maturation. Further differentiation of mature B cells into plasma cells or memory B cells …

Classical Hodgkin's disease (HD) is a peculiar form of lymphoma characterized by a low
frequency of tumor cells, the so-called Hodgkin (H) and Reed/Sternberg (RS) cells …

Human interleukin 3 (IL-3) variants generated by site-directed mutagenesis were analyzed
in multiple biological and binding assays to identify residues critical for IL-3 activity. Two …