Population balance modeling is undergoing phenomenal growth in its applications, and this
growth is accompanied by multifarious reviews. This review aims to fortify the model's …

Reducing the ship's drag is an effective technique for reducing emissions, operating
expenses, and improving EEDI. For slow-moving vessels, frictional resistance has been …

Drag reduction using superhydrophobic surfaces is one of the most significant strategies to
reduce energy consumption and drag losses in marine vessels and fluid channels …

The excellent drag reduction effect of the bubble drag reduction technique has been proved
through many experiments since it was proposed. In this paper, the authors investigate the …

Superwetting surfaces are widely used in many engineering fields for reducing energy and
resistance loss. A facile and efficient method using laser etching has been used to fabricate …

This review explores a variety of techniques that utilize air injections beneath a vessel's hull
to reduce drag and consequently improve energy efficiency. It focuses on the methodologies …

Inspired by the bionic fish scale surfaces containing micro/nanostructured arrays, herein, the
applications of lubricant‐impregnated anisotropic slippery surfaces (LIASSs) using laser …

By considering the characteristics of bionics theory of non-smooth surfaces to reduce the
frictional resistance of a body, theoretical analysis of bionic jet surface was carried out based …

By injecting bubbles on the surface of ships or underwater vehicles, friction resistance can
be effectively reduced. This technique is known as bubble drag reduction (BDR). The Euler …

Turbulent flow is a difficult issue in fluid dynamics, the rules of which have not been totally
revealed up to now. Fluid in turbulent state will result in a greater frictional force, which must …