The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Due to the limited capacity of the adult mammalian brain to self-repair and regenerate,
neurological diseases, especially neurodegenerative disorders and stroke, characterized by …

3D bioprinting combines cells with a supportive bioink to fabricate multiscale, multi-cellular
structures that imitate native tissues. Here, we demonstrate how our novel fibrin-based …

NR4A2 is a nuclear receptor and a transcription factor, with distinctive physiological
features. In the cell nuclei of the central nervous system, it is widely expressed and identified …

The meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons regulate various critical processes in
the mammalian nervous system, including voluntary movement and a wide range of …

NGLY1 deficiency is an ultra-rare, autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by
mutations in the NGLY1 gene encoding N-glycanase 1 that removes N-linked glycans …

Being a large multidomain protein, LRRK2 has several confirmed pathological mutant
variants for PD, and the incidence of these variants shows ethnicity biases. I1371V, a …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of
midbrain dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor symptoms. While current treatments …

The relatively few dopaminergic neurons in the mammalian brain are mostly located in the
midbrain and regulate many important neural functions, including motor integration …

Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the potential to give rise to a new era in
Parkinson's disease (PD) research. As a unique source of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) …