Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements are cis-acting RNA regions that promote
internal initiation of protein synthesis using cap-independent mechanisms. However, distinct …

Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) can be found in the mRNA of many viruses as well as
in cellular genes involved in the stress response, cell cycle, and apoptosis. IRES-mediated …

SARS coronavirus (SCoV) nonstructural protein (nsp) 1, a potent inhibitor of host gene
expression, possesses a unique mode of action: it binds to 40S ribosomes to inactivate their …

Enteroviruses comprise a large group of mammalian pathogens that includes poliovirus.
Pathology in humans ranges from sub-clinical to acute flaccid paralysis, myocarditis and …

To ensure efficient propagation, viruses need to rapidly produce viral proteins after cell
entrance. Since viral genomes do not encode any components of the protein biosynthesis …

The vast majority of eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) initiate translation through a
canonical, cap-dependent mechanism requiring a free 5′ end and 5′ cap and several …

Internal ribosome entry sites/segments (IRESs) were first discovered over 20 years ago in
picornaviruses, followed by the discovery of two other types of IRES in hepatitis C virus …

Picornavirus T ype 1 IRES s comprise five principal domains (dII–dVI). Whereas dV binds
eIF 4 G, a conserved AUG in dVI was suggested to stimulate attachment of 43 S ribosomal …

Viruses exploit the translation machinery of an infected cell to synthesize their proteins.
Therefore, viral mRNAs have to compete for ribosomes and translation factors with cellular …

Rationale: Recurrent wheeze and asthma are thought to result from alterations in early life
immune development following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. However, prior …