The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-
messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of …

Radio observations prove the existence of relativistic particles and magnetic field associated
with the intra-cluster-medium (ICM) through the presence of extended synchrotron emission …

In this paper we review air shower data related to the mass composition of cosmic rays
above 1015eV. After explaining the basic relations between air shower observables and the …

We examine which information on the early cosmological history can be extracted from the
potential measurement by third-generation gravitational-wave observatories of a stochastic …

The origin of the highest energy cosmic rays is still unknown. The discovery of their sources
is expected to reveal the workings of the most energetic astrophysical accelerators in the …

Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-
energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so …

The origin of the extragalactic γ-ray background (EGB) has been debated for some time. The
EGB comprises the γ-ray emission from resolved and unresolved extragalactic sources …

Cosmological implications of neutrinos are reviewed. The following subjects are discussed
at a different level of scrutiny: cosmological limits on neutrino mass, neutrinos and primordial …

We consider the acceleration of charged particles near ultrarelativistic shocks, with Lorentz
factor. We present simulations of the acceleration process and compare these with results …

We argue that an astrophysical solution to the ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR)
problem is viable. The detailed study of UHECR energy spectra is performed. The spectral …