Serotonin is perhaps best known as a neurotransmitter that modulates neural activity and a
wide range of neuropsychological processes, and drugs that target serotonin receptors are …

Since the introduction of chlorpromazine and throughout the development of the new-
generation antipsychotic drugs (APDs) beginning with clozapine, the D 2 receptor has been …

The search for immune biomarkers in psychiatric disorders has primarily focused on pro-
inflammatory cytokines. Other immune proteins including chemokines have been relatively …

The history of serotonin research is closely related to the study of hallucinogenic drugs that
function as agonists at serotonin-2A receptors. The fundamental idea that psychotic states …

Elucidating the key signal transduction pathways essential for both antipsychotic efficacy
and side-effect profiles is essential for developing safer and more effective therapies. Recent …

Schizophrenia represents a pervasive deficit in brain function, leading to hallucinations and
delusions, social withdrawal and a decline in cognitive performance. As the underlying …

Two primary animal models persist for assessing hallucinogenic potential of novel
compounds and for examining the pharmacological and neurobiological substrates …

Understanding potential health risks is a significant challenge due to the large numbers of
diverse chemicals with poorly characterized exposures and mechanisms of toxicities. The …

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of signaling
molecules comprising approximately 2% of the human genome; this receptor family remains …

Negative symptoms (such as amotivation and diminished expression) associated with
schizophrenia are a major health concern. Adequate treatment would mean important …