Catalyst layer (CL) is the core component of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells,
which determines the performance, durability, and cost. However, difficulties remain for a …

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are at the dawn of commercialization. Their
operation and design characteristics, hence their performance, are closely linked to the …

Multi-phase transport of reactant and product species, momentum, heat (energy), electron
and proton in the components of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells forms the …

The current literature sources on the electrochemical capacitors, which are divided into the
film (dielectric), electrolytic, and supercapacitors, are reviewed. The supercapacitors are in …

A brief history of the evolution of the fuel cell electrode, emphasizing the technological
developments that have lead to the contemporary polymer electrolyte membrane electrode …

A new porosimetric method—the Method of Standard Contact Porosimetry (MSP) is
described which allows the investigation of the structure and the properties of all kinds of …

The standard porosimetry method (SPM) was used to study capillary porous and sorption
properties of Nafionm proton-exchange membranes. Pore volume-size and surface-size …

Porosity is frequently specified as only a value to describe the microstructure of a battery
electrode. However, porosity is a key parameter for the battery electrode performance and …

Catalyst layer (CL) has a significant impact on the overall pore structure of the entire
electrodes, thereby impacting the transport processes and the performance of polymer …

In this study, porous components of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, ie, single-
layer gas diffusion layer (GDL, carbon paper), double-layer GDL (microporous layer (MPL) …