The global amount of solid waste has dramatically increased as a result of rapid population
growth, accelerated urbanization, agricultural demand, and industrial development. The …

Chitosan is a naturally originating product that can be applied in many areas due to its
biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxic properties. The broad-spectrum …

Trichoderma is mainly used to control soil-borne diseases as well as some leaf and panicle
diseases of various plants. Trichoderma can not only prevent diseases but also promotes …

Fungi and nematodes are among the most abundant organisms in soil habitats. They
provide essential ecosystem services and play crucial roles for maintaining the stability of …

Plant parasitic nematodes (Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp.) are rounded worms,
microscopic, and cause many agricultural economic losses. Their attacks have a direct …

The guava root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii (Syn. M. mayaguensis), is an
emerging pathogen to many crops in the world. This nematode can cause chlorosis …

The rhizosphere is a narrow and dynamic region of plant root-soil interfaces, and it's
considered one of the most intricate and functionally active ecosystems on the Earth, which …

The European legislative on the use of different control strategies against plant-parasitic
nematodes, with particular reference to pesticides, is constantly evolving, sometimes …

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) infect and cause substantial yield losses of many foods,
feed, and fiber crops. Increasing concern over chemical nematicides has increased interest …

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are sedentary endoparasites that cause severe
economic losses to agricultural crops globally. Due to the regulations of the European Union …