Our previous International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology report on the
nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors (2011) contained a number of …

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder
that commonly occurs in children with a prevalence ranging from 3.4 to 7.2%. It profoundly …

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders. However, the genetic etiology of
anxiety disorders remains largely unknown. Here we conducted a genome-wide meta …

Adenosine exerts an important role in the modulation of central nervous system (CNS)
activity. Through the interaction with four G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) subtypes …

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the simplest and most common type of DNA
variations in the human genome. This class of attractive genetic markers, along with point …

Addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive reward-seeking
despite harmful consequences. The mechanisms underlying addiction are orchestrated by …

Stress is adverse experience that require constant adaptation to reduce the emotional and
physiological burden, or “allostatic load”, of an individual. Despite their everyday …

Adenosine and dopamine interact antagonistically in living mammals. These interactions are
mediated via adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors (R). Stimulation of A2AR inhibits …

Epilepsy, a common disorder of the brain, exhibits a high morbidity rate in children.
Childhood epilepsy (CE) is frequently comorbid with neurologic and developmental …

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high
heterogeneity that can affect individuals of any age. It is characterized by three main …