Pakistan is highly dependent on water resources originating in the mountain sources of the
upper Indus for irrigated agriculture which is the mainstay of its economy. Hence any change …

Glacier terminus fluctuations in the Hindu Kush are largely unknown, although research
indicates expanding glaciers in the Karakoram. Consequently, we quantified glacier …

The glacier cover of the Hindu Kush Mountains of Afghanistan provides a natural laboratory
to assess the impact of climate change on the cryosphere. However, to date, not much is …

Afghanistan has long been backward and underdeveloped where centuries of
desertification, deforestation, overgrazing and environmental degradation have combined …

Alpine glacier responses to climate change reveal increases in significant retreat with
corresponding increases in the production of glacier meltwater and development of …

Because of its climatically stressed dry land and high altitudes, coupled with severe human
despoliation amid three decades of war and known rampant corruption, Afghanistan has …

The classic buffer state of Afghanistan, created to avoid confrontation in the 19th century,
has in the 21st century become a focal point for armed conflict that can only be alleviated by …