Codon usage bias, the preference for certain synonymous codons, is found in all genomes.
Although synonymous mutations were previously thought to be silent, a large body of …

The genetic code is degenerate, and most amino acids are encoded by two to six
synonymous codons. Codon usage bias, the preference for certain synonymous codons, is a …

We describe complete design of a synthetic eukaryotic genome, Sc2. 0, a highly modified
Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome reduced in size by nearly 8%, with 1.1 megabases of …

Codon usage bias is a universal feature of eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes and has
been proposed to regulate translation efficiency, accuracy, and protein folding based on the …

Codon usage biases are found in all eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, and preferred
codons are more frequently used in highly expressed genes. The effects of codon usage on …

Heterologous expression is the main approach for recombinant protein production ingenetic
synthesis, for which codon optimization is necessary. The existing optimization methods are …

Despite their name, synonymous mutations have significant consequences for cellular
processes in all taxa. As a result, an understanding of codon bias is central to fields as …

Synonymous mutations—sometimes called'silent'mutations—are now widely acknowledged
to be able to cause changes in protein expression, conformation and function. The recent …

Lampreys are representatives of an ancient vertebrate lineage that diverged from our own∼
500 million years ago. By virtue of this deeply shared ancestry, the sea lamprey (P. marinus) …

Codon optimization describes gene engineering approaches that use synonymous codon
changes to increase protein production. Applications for codon optimization include …