Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are members of the Arabidopsis thaliana basic helix-
loop-helix family of transcriptional regulators that interact specifically with the active Pfr …

The dynamic light environment of vegetation canopies is perceived by phytochromes,
cryptochromes, phototropins, and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8). These receptors …

Plant growth is strongly influenced by the presence of neighbors that compete for light
resources. In response to vegetational shading shade‐intolerant plants such as Arabidopsis …

The presence of neighboring vegetation modifies the light environment experienced by
plants, generating signals that are perceived by phytochromes and cryptochromes. These …

When exposed to changes in the light environment caused by neighboring vegetation,
shade-avoiding plants modify their growth and/or developmental patterns to access more …

Plants interpret a decrease in the red to far-red light ratio (R: FR) as a sign of impending
shading by neighboring vegetation. This triggers a set of developmental responses known …

The circadian clock provides essential timing information to ensure optimal growth to
prevailing external environmental conditions. A major time‐setting mechanism (zeitgeber) in …

Light and temperature, in coordination with the endogenous clock and the hormones
gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroids (BRs), modulate plant growth and development by …

Recurring patterns are an integral part of life on Earth. Through evolution or breeding, plants
have acquired systems that coordinate with the cyclic patterns driven by Earth's movement …

As sessile organisms, plants constantly face challenges from the external environment. In
order to meet these challenges and survive, plants have evolved a set of sophisticated …