A phylogenetic analysis of sequences from 503 species of hylid frogs and four outgroup taxa
resulted in 16,128 aligned sites of 19 genes. The molecular data were subjected to a …

Abstract The Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian) fossil record of Europe and South
America has yielded a particularly rich assemblage of aquatic pan-cryptodiran turtles that …

Despite their complex evolutionary history and the rich fossil record, the higher level
phylogeny and historical biogeography of living turtles have not been investigated in a …

Turtles of the clade Pan-Testudinoidea have a rich fossil record in North America, including
the Caribbean, ranging from the late Paleocene to the Holocene. All earlier reports cannot …

Abstract Background Turtles (Testudinata) are a successful lineage of vertebrates with about
350 extant species that inhabit all major oceans and landmasses with tropical to temperate …

Pleurodires or side-necked turtles are today restricted to freshwater environments of South
America, Africa–Madagascar and Australia, but in the past they were distributed much more …

Ancient DNA of extinct species from the Pleistocene and Holocene has provided valuable
evolutionary insights. However, these are largely restricted to mammals and high latitudes …

Diagnosability is central to taxonomy as are type specimens which define taxa. New
advances in technologies and the discovery of new informative traits must be matched with …

Pleurodires are less diverse than cryptodires, together forming the two major lineages of
crown turtles. Their fossil record, however, is rich. A particularly large number of fossil …

The giant tortoises of the Galápagos Archipelago influenced Darwin's early thinking on
transmutation and now constitute a famous example of island-based speciation and …