Over the past two decades, the development of hydrogels with high mechanical strength and
toughness shows both fundamental and practical significances. It is challenging yet highly …

This review paper provides a recent overview of current international research that is being
conducted into the functional properties of cellulose as a nanomaterial. A particular …

Natural fibers have been widely used for reinforcing polymers attributed to their sustainable
nature, excellent stiffness to weight ratio, biodegradability, and low cost compared with …

Food packaging is one of the leading sectors for the end use of plastics. Bioplastic is
produced from natural renewable resources such as crops, wood pulp, and herbaceous …

Several activities like agricultural, household, and industrial are contaminating freshwater
available on the planet. The typical contaminants like dyes and heavy metals have been …

Nature provides lots of inspiration for material and structural design for various applications.
Deriving design principles from the investigation of nature can provide a rich source of …

The use of composite materials has seen many new innovations for a large variety of
applications. The area of reinforcement in composites is also rapidly evolving with many …

Starch is a biodegradable biopolymer, a sustainable material that can replace conventional
petrochemical-based plastics. However, starch has some limitations, as it must be …

Abstract Development of transparent material derived from fast-growing natural bamboo is a
promising and sustainable alternative for traditional glass materials. Here, we propose an …

Regardless of their applications, polymers are still considered mechanically weak and
functionally insufficient for certain demanding coating and adhesive uses. To address those …